[Mind-Culture Covevolution Home] [Tech Evol Contents] BIBLIOGRAPHY This page contains items which did not readily fit into the various topical bibliograpies. They are listed in alpabetical order by the author's last name. :Aron Aron, Raymond 1966 _THE INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: Three Essays on Ideology and Development_. New York: Simon and Schuster, Clarion, 1967. 1968 _PROGRESS AND DISILLUSION: The Dialectics of Modern Soci- ety. New York: New American Library. :BMusic Benzon, William L. 1993 STAGES IN THE EVOLUTION OF MUSIC. _Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems_ in press. :Boserup Boserup, Ester / Denmark Government 1965 _THE CONDITIONS OF AGRICULTURAL GROWTH: The Economics of Agrarian Change under Population Pressure_. Foreword by Nicholas Kaldor. London: G. Allen & Unwin; Chicago: Aldine Publishing Company. Rev AmAn 36:377-379, 1971 / Sheffer, C. 1970 _WOMAN'S ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT_. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd & New York: St. Martin's Press. 1976 ENVIRONMENT, POPULATION, AND TECHNOLOGY IN PRIMITIVE SOCIETIES. _Population and Development Review_ 2:2136. 1981 _POPULATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE: A Study of Long Term Trends_. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, Publisher & Chica- go: University of Chicago Press. :FBCC Braudel, Fernand _CIVILISATION MATERIELLE, ECONOMIE ET CAPITALISME: XVe-- XVIIIe siecle_. Paris: Librairie Armand Colin. Trans. _CIVILIZATION AND CAPITALISM: 15TH-18TH Century_. New York: Harper & Row. Written in French in the 1960s and translated by Sian Reynolds, 3 volumes. Some of the best history written in our time, with a global perspective and at least some thought for life before writing was invented. Not exactly history of technology, but close. 1967 Vol. 1. _LES STRUCTURES DU QUOTIDIEN: Le possible et l'impossible_. 1981 Trans. as _THE STRUCTURES OF EVERYDAY LIFE: The Limits of the Possible_. Rev NYTBR / Robinson, Paul. "greatest living historian" 1979 Vol. 2. _LES JEUX DE L'ECHANGE_. The title (Jeux) refers to games, speculation. 1982 Trans. _THE WHEELS OF COMMERCE_. 1984 Vol. 3. _LE TEMPS DU MONDE_. The development of Europe's world economy 1984 Trans. _THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE WORLD_. Rev New Yorker / Bliven, Naomi :Campbell Campbell, Bernard [Grant] / Cambridge University 1966 _HUMAN EVOLUTION: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations_. Chicago: Aldine. 1976 2d ed. 1985 3d ed Hawthorne, New York: Aldine de Gruyter. Table 9.2. Categories of Technology [279] 1. Prototechnology: a. Tool use b. Tool modification 2. Technology: a. Tool manufacture b. Stone technology (and secondary tools) 3. Pyrotechnology: a. Fire use b. Fire control c. Fire making d. Metal industries (smelting, casting, forging) 4. Facilities: a. Containers, cords, etc. b. Energy control. 5. Machines. 6. Instruments. 7. Computers. :Carneiro Carneiro, Robert Leonard [1927- ] / American Museum of Natural History 1987 VILLAGE SPLITTING AS A FUNCTION OF POPULATION SIZE. In Leland & Jorgensen, 99-124. Leland, Donald & Jorgensen, Joseph, eds 1987 _Themes in Ethnology and Culture History: Essays in Honor of David F. Aberle_. Meerut, India: Folklore Institute / Archana Publications. :MMH Childe, Vere Gordon [1892-1957] 1936 _MAN MAKES HIMSELF_. London: Watts & Co. 1950 THE URBAN REVOLUTION. _Town Planning Review_ 21:3-17. 1972 Reprinted in Leone, 43-51. Technological: (1) the great increase in the size of the settlement ...; (2) the institution of tribute or taxation with resulting central accumulation of capital; (3) monu- mental public works; (4) the art of writing; (5) the beginnings of such exact and predictive sciences as artih- metic, geometry, and astronomy; and (6) developed economic institutions making possible a greatly expanded foreign trade. Social: (7) full-time technical specialists, as in metal- working; (8) a privileged ruling class; and (9) the state, or the organization of society on a basis of residence in place of, or on top of, a basis of kinship. Also (10) reappearance of naturalistic art. PWTr 23-24. :Cook Cook, Earl 1971 THE FLOW OF ENERGY IN AN INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY: The U.S., with 6 percent of the world population, uses 35 percent of the energy. E&Pr* 83-94. :Csikszentmihalyi Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly / University of Chicago / Psychology 1990 _FLOW: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. 1991 Paper. Harper Perennial. ... much of the "why" [of cultural evolution] is rooted in the mind's pleasure in and craving for complexity: cul- ture evolves because people enjoy performing ever more complex tasks. What is critical about language is that it enabled people willfully to manipulate their mental processes, to gain control of consciousness. (Benzon & Hays, 1990, p. 305) :Darwin Darwin, Charles Robert [1809-1882] 1859 _ON THE ORIGIN OF SPECIES BY MEANS OF NATURAL SELECTION, or the Preservation of Favored Races in the Struggle for Life_. London: John Murray. 1964 Facsimile. Introduction by Ernst Mayr. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. 1967 Facsimile. New York: Atheneum. 1872 6th Ed If under changing conditions of life organic beings pres- ent individual differences in almost every part of their structure, and this cannot be disputed; if there be, owing to their geometrical rate of increase, a severe struggle for life at some age, season or year, and this certainly cannot be disputed; then, considering the infinite com- plexity of the relations of all organic beings to each other and to their conditions of life, causing an infinite diversity in structure, constitution and habits, to be advantageous to them, it would be a most extraordinary fact if no variations had ever occurred useful to each being's own welfare, as so many variations have occurred useful to man. But if variations useful to any organic being ever do occur, assuredly individuals thus character- ized will have the best chance of being preserved in the struggle for life; and from the strong principle of inher- itance, they will tend to produce offspring similarly characterized. The principle of preservation, or the survival of the fittest, I have called Natural Selection. (p. 17, quoted by Goertzel, p. 32) :LSDC De Camp, L. S. 1960 _THE ANCIENT ENGINEERS_. New York: Ballantine Books. The quotation, from p. 272, is in Mokyr ( BIBLNOTE* ) on p. 26. :PUNC Eldredge, Niles 1985 _UNFINISHED SYNTHESIS: Biological Hierarchies and Modern Evolutionary Thought_. New York: Oxford University Press. = USNE Brain size increases at every "alleged speciation event in hominids over the past four million years." (p. 131) Eldredge, Niles and Gould, Steven J. 1972 PUNCTUATED EQUILIBRIA. In _Models in Paleobiology_, edited by T. J. M. Schopf. San Francisco: Freeman, pp. 82- 115. 1985 Reprinted in Eldredge, pp. 193-223. :Ellul Ellul, Jacques 1964 _THE TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY_. Wilkinson, John, trans. New York: Random House. :Gellner Gellner, Ernest 1983 _NATIONS AND NATIONALISM_. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. :Gordon Gordon, Cyrus H. 1962 _BEFORE THE BIBLE: The Common Background of Greek and Hebrew Civilisations_. Harper & Row, Publishers. Rev AA 66:1220-1221 / Wax, Murray 1965 _THE COMMON BACKGROUND OF GREEK AND HEBREW CIVILIZATIONS_. Revised from _Before the Bible_. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. :Graber Graber, Robert Bates 1991 POPULATION PRESSURE, AGRICULTURAL ORIGINS, AND CULTURAL EVOLUTION: Constrained mobility or inhibited expansion? _American Anthropologist_ 93:692-695. = RG91 [Comment on Rosenberg, Michael, 1990] Graber suggests that the size of societies grows with the square of population, and observes that in fact societal size has grown by a factor of a million. 1988 A MATHEMATICAL INTERPRETATION OF CIRCUMSCRIPTION APPLIED TO THE WESTWARD EXPANSION. _American Behavioral Scien- tist_ 31:459-471. RG91 1989 A POPULATION-PRESSURE ALTERNATIVE TO A SOCIOBIOLOGICAL THEORY OF THE RISE OF ESCALATORY INTERGROUP COMPETITION. _Politics and the Life Sciences_ 7:203-206. "The size of human societies should increase in proportion to the square of density." RG91:695 1990 AREAL DECREASE, DENSITY INCREASE, AND CIRCUMSCRIPTION: A mathematical note. _American Antiquity_ 55:546-549. RG91 :Handwerker Handwerker, W. Penn 1983 THE FIRST DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION: An Analysis of Subsis- tence Choices and Reproductive Consequences. _American Anthropologist_ 85:5-27. :Headrick Headrick, Daniel R. 1981 _THE TOOLS OF EMPIRE: Technology and European Imperialism in the Nineteenth Century_. New York: Oxford University Press. 1988 _THE TENTACLES OF PROGRESS: Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, 1850-1940_. New York: Oxford University Press. :Hewes Hewes, Gordon Winant [1918- ] / University of Colorado 1981 Map of the world in 1500, with 76 cultures. Reprinted in Braudel FBCC* p. 57. 1 Tasmania ... 27 Primitive, gatherers, fishermen 28 ... 44 Nomads, stockbreeders 45 ... 61 Aztec A deficient form of agriculture; 62 Inca peasants using hoes 63 Finnish 64 Caucasian Civilizations; "relatively dense 65 Abyssinian tillers populations ... domestic animals, ... swing-ploughs, ploughs, carts, 76 Japan and above all towns." :Hignett Hignett, C. 1952 _A HISTORY OF THE ATHENIAN CONSTITUTION_. Oxford: Claren- don Press. Male citizens enjoyed the franchise and trial by jury. (Parsons, p. 109) :EAWM Jewell, William J., ed. / Cornell University 1976 _ENERGY, AGRICULTURE AND WASTE MANAGEMENT_. Proceedings of the 1975 Cornell Agricultural Waste Management Confer- ence. Ann Arbor Science Publishers, Inc. :Powers Kennedy, Paul / Yale University / History 1988 _THE RISE AND FALL OF THE GREAT POWERS: Economic Change and Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000_. New York: Random House. :Prep21 Kennedy, Paul 1993 _PREPARING FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY_. New York: Random House. :KrAn Kroeber, Alfred L. 1923 _ANTHROPOLOGY_. 1948 Revised ed. _ANTHROPOLOGY: Race, Language, Culture, Psychology, Prehistory_. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co. :Roster Kroeber, Alfred 1964 _A ROSTER OF CIVILIZATIONS AND CULTURES_. Viking Fund Publications in Anthropology, 33. Published after Kroeber's death, from incomplete notes. :R&C LÇvi-Strauss, Claude 1964 _MYTHOLOGIQUES: LE CRU ET LE CUIT_. Paris: Plon. 1969 _The Raw and the Cooked: Introduction to a Science of Mythology_. New York: Harper & Row, Publishers. Weight- man, John & Doreen, trans. :Marcuse Marcuse, Herbert 1964 _ONE-DIMENSIONAL MAN: Studies in the Ideology of Advanced Industrial Society._ Boston: Beacon Press. :Montagu Montagu, M. F. Ash1ey 1972 SOCIOGENIC BRAIN DAMAGE. _American Anthropologist_ 74: 1045-1061. Social deprivation is known to damage infant rats. "There is reason to believe that poverty and the ghetto, often associated with both physical and social malnutrition, constitute a combination of conditions capable of produc- ing severe failures in neural development ..." Montagu was bold to write this paper when he did, but the evidence is much stronger now. :Morgan Morgan, Lewis H. 1909 _ANCIENT SOCIETY_. Chicago: Charles H. Kerr. :LMum Mumford, Lewis [1895-1990] 1961 _THE CITY IN HISTORY: Its Origins, its Transformations, and its Prospects_. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovano- vich, Publishers. 1964 _THE MYTH OF THE MACHINE: The Pentagon of Power_. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovic, Inc. 1966 _THE MYTH OF THE MACHINE: Technics and Human Development_. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc. :GPM Murdock, George Peter [1897-1985] 1938 _OUTLINE OF CULTURAL MATERIALS_. New Haven, CT: Human Relations Area Files Inc. 1945 2nd ed. 1950 3rd ed. 1961 4th rev. ed. 1982 5th rev. ed. Murdock, Clellan S. Ford, Alfred E. Hudson, Raymond Kennedy, Leo W. Simmons, and John W. M. Whiting. 1967 _ETHNOGRAPHIC ATLAS_. Pittsburgh: University of Pitts- burgh Press. 1981 _ATLAS OF WORLD CULTURES_. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. :moralnet Naroll, Raoul [1920-1985] 1983 _THE MORAL ORDER: An Introduction to the Human Situation_. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. By a moralnet, I mean a primary group that serves as a normative reference group. The archetypical moralnets are the extended family or the primeval hunting band. (p. 19) :MILDET Naroll, Raoul [1920-1985]; Bullough, Vern L. & Naroll, Frada 1973 _MILITARY DETERRENCE IN HISTORY: A Pilot Cross-historical Survey_. Albany: State University of New York Press. Rev AA 78:904-905 / Tefft, Stanton. :Oleson Oleson, John Peter 1986 _BRONZE AGE, GREEK, AND ROMAN TECHNOLOGY: A SELECT, ANNO- TATED BIBLIOGRAPHY_. New York & London: Garland Publish- ing, Inc. 1. Sources 2. General surveys, 39 3. Mining, quarrying, and metal production Prospecting and mining, 55 Quarrying and stoneworking, 63 Metallurgy, 76 4. Food production and preparation Agriculture and agricultural tools, 101 Animal husbandry, 111 Hunting and fishing, 118 Food preparation and diet, 123 5. Energy, power, and mechanical devices Sources of power (animal, human, harnesses, water, wind, steam), machines in general, 141 Presses and hand mills, 155 Cranes, 159 Water-lifting machinery, 160 Siege engines, 163 Gadgets, 169 Energy conversion (heating, cooling, lighting), petro- leum and coal, 172 6. Construction and civil engineering General surveys, 183 Bronze Age construction, 186 Greek construction, 191 Roman construction, 200 Hydraulic engineering, 211 7. Manufacturing and trade General surveys and trade, 231 Handtools, 250 Metalworking, 253 Woodworking, 274 Textiles and basketry, 279 Leatherworking, 296 Ceramics, 300 Glass, 315 Applied chemistry (dyes, inks, industrial chemicals, cosmetics), 328 Large-scale production, 335 8. Transportation Land transportation: Roads, bridges, services, maps, 339 Vehicles and riding, 347 Sea transportation General studies, diving, 354 Ships and navigation, 364 Harbors, lighthouses, canals, 395 9. Record-keeping and standards Writing and book production, 407 Timekeeping, 423 Weights, measures, and coinage, 429 10. Military technology General surveys, 441 Equipment and tactics, 450 Fortifications, 461 11. Cultural attitudes towards labor, technology, and innovation, 467 :UCSn Otterbein, Keith F. / SUNY Buffalo / Anthropology 1986 _THE ULTIMATE COERCIVE SANCTION: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY OF CAPITAL PUNISHMENT_. New Haven, CT: HRAF Press. Rev AA 90:446-447 / Case, Carole Rev Man 23:415 / Hoebel, E. Adamson :Palmer Palmer, R. R. _THE AGE OF THE DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTION_. Princeton Univer- sity Press. TPES 146 1959 Vol. 1. "The landed aristocracies were the upper class, providing the support in prestige for the development of modern territorial monarchies." [148] TPES 146 1964 Vol. 2. :Parsons Parsons, Talcott [1902-1979] / Harvard University 1966 _SOCIETIES: EVOLUTIONARY AND COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVES_. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1977 _THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIETIES_. Toby, Jackson, ed & intro. (Combined and edited version of _Societies: Evolutionary and Comparative Perspectives_ [1966] and _The System of Modern Societies_ [1971]. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Pren- tice-Hall, Inc. :PvHy Popper, Karl Raimund, Sir [1902- ] 1945 _THE POVERTY OF HISTORICISM_. Economica, N.S. 12 (46). 1954 Tr. Milano. 1956 Tr. Paris. 1957 Revised edition. Boston: Beacon Press. "In memory of the countless men and women of all creeds or nations or races who fell victims to the fascist and communist belief in Inexorable Laws of Historical Desti- ny." (p. v) "The fundamental thesis of this book--that the belief in historical destiny is sheer superstition, and that there can be no prediction of the course of human history by scientific or any other rational means--goes back to the winter of 1919-20." (p. vii) Holistic thought belongs to "a pre-scientific stage." (p. 76) Whole: "(a) the totality of all the properties or aspects of a thing, and especially of all the relations holding between its constituent parts, and (b) certain special properties or aspects of the thing in question, namely those which make it appear an organized structure rather than a 'mere heap'." (p. 76) A whole in sense (a) is impossible to deal with. (p. 77) A craving for "concrete knowledge of 'reality itself'" or of the "whole" is "mysticism". (p. 78) "The evolution of life on earth, or of human society, is a unique historical process." (p. 108) The course of a unique process cannot be predicted from its past; the butterfly cannot be anticipated from obser- vation of a caterpillar. (p. 109) A 'static' social system corresonds to a stationary dynam- ic physical system; astronomy succeeds because the solar system is static. (pp. 112-113) The "central mistake of historicism" is its devotion to absolute trends, independent of initial conditions. From them flow "unconditional prophecies, as opposed to condi- tional scientific predictions." (p. 128) The premises of deductive systems are "tentative conjec- tures, or hypotheses." (p. 131) "historical sciences take all kinds of universal laws for granted and are mainly interested in finding and testing singular statements." (p. 144) :Rappaport Rappaport, Roy A. 1968 _PIGS FOR THE ANCESTORS: Ritual in the Ecology of a New Guinea People_. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1984 New enl. ed. Rev AmEth 13:374-375 / Strathan, Andrew 1987 2nd editon. 1971 THE FLOW OF ENERGY IN AN AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. _Scien- tific American_ 224(3): 116-132. 1971 In E&Pr* 69-82. :garbage Plastic is not, in fact, quite as big an offender as we often think; paper is worse. Rathje, William & Murphy, Cullen 1992 _RUBBISH! The Archeology of Garbage_. New York: Harper- Collins. Rev NYTBR 0705:5 / Rybczynski, Witold. Rev NYT 0709:C19 / Christopher Lehmann-Haupt Plastic 16%, stable; paper 40%, rising. Polystyrene foam, 1%; disposable diapers 1.4%. Per capita quantity stable: Paper and plastic have replaced coal ash and horse manure. :Robertson Robertson, D. S. 1990 THE INFORMATION REVOLUTION. _Communication Research_ 17, 235-254. :Rostow Rostow, Walt Whitman [b. 1916] / MIT 1960 _THE STAGES OF ECONOMIC GROWTH: A Non-Communist Manifes- to_. Cambridge University Press. :486 Sanger, David E. 1988 Chip Designers Seek Haste without Waste. NYT 880106:D4. Intel 80486 will have a million transistors, 80386 had 275,000, 80286 had 120,000. :Schmookler Schmookler, Andrew Bard 1984 _THE PARABLE OF THE TRIBES: The Problem of Power in Social Evolution_. Berkeley: University of California Press. 1986 paper Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. :Seligman Seligman, Adam B. 1992 _THE IDEA OF CIVIL SOCIETY_. New York: The Free Press. 241 p. Rev NYTBR 0913:26 / Gray, John The concept derives from 17th c. transformation of medieval ideas of natural law in Christian individualism of John Locke; it was expanded by the Scottish Enlightenment. The concept has been revived now in Eastern Europe, USA, and Western Europe in divergent forms. The issue is the relationship between public and private goals and interests. (Note that this characterization is not quite the same as Fairbank's, quoted in 5_2_3* .) :GEEB Smil, Vaclav 1991 _GENERAL ENERGETICS: ENERGY IN THE BIOSPHERE AND CIVILIZA- TION_. New York: John Wiley & Sons. = GEEB :Spencer Spencer, Herbert [1820-1903] 1873 _PRINCIPLES OF SOCIOLOGY_, Vol. 1. 1882 _PRINCIPLES OF SOCIOLOGY_, Vol. II. London: Williams & Norgate Ltd. and New York: D. Appleton and Company. 1896 _PRINCIPLES OF SOCIOLOGY_, Vol. III. London: Williams & Norgate Ltd. and New York: D. Appleton and Company. 1967 _THE EVOLUTION OF SOCIETY: SELECTIONS FROM HERBERT SPEN- CER'S PRINCIPLES OF SOCIOLOGY_. Robert L. Carneiro, Ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. "[Society] undergoes continuous growth. As it grows, its parts become unlike: it exhibits increase of structure. The unlike parts simultaneously assume activities of unlike kinds. These activities are not simply different, but their differences are so related as to make one anoth- er possible. The reciprocal aid thus given causes mutual dependence of the parts. And the mutually dependent parts, living by and for one another, form an aggregate constituted on the same general principle as is an indi- vidual organism." (p. 8, quoted by Haas 59-60) :Spengler Spengler, Oswald [1880-1936] _DER UNTERGANG DES ABENDLANDES_. Mönchen: C. H. Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung. 1918 I, _Gestalt und Wirklichkeit_. 1922 II, _Welthistorisches Perspektiven_. _The Decline of the West_. Trans. Charles Francis Atkin- son. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 1926 I, _Form and Actuality_. 1928 II, _Perspectives of World History_. :TCCh Steward, Julian Haynes [1902-1972] 1955 _THEORY OF CULTURE CHANGE_, University of Illinois Press. :Sung Sung, Ying-hsing [1615-1644 fl] 1637 1966 _T'ien-kung k'ai-wu_ = _CHINESE TECHNOLOGY IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY_. Sun, E-tu Zen & Sun, Shiou-chuan, trs. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press. Part I 1. The growing of grain, 3 2. Clothing materials, 35 3. Dyes, 73 4. The preparation of grains, 81 5. Salt, 109 6. Sugars, 124 Part II 7. Ceramics 8. Casting, 159 9. Boats and carts, 171 10. Hammer forging, 189 11. Calcination of stones, 201 12. Vegetable oils and fats, 215 13. Paper, 223 Part III 14. The metals, 235 15. Weapons, 261 16. Vermilion and ink, 279 17. Yeasts, 289 18. Pearls and gems, 295 :Toffler Toffler, Alvin 1973 _THE THIRD WAVE_. New York: William Morrow and Company, Inc. :Tuchman Tuchman, Barbara W. 1978 _A DISTANT MIRROR: The Calamitous 14th Century_. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. :Turnbull Turnbull, Colin M. / George Washington University 1968 THE IMPORTANCE OF FLUX IN TWO HUNTING SOCIETIES. In Lee and DeVore, 133-137. 132: "... population 'flux', or changeover of personnel, between local groups of both Ik and Mbuti pygmy hunting and gathering groups." [Cohen 61] :Vygotskij Vygotskij, Lev Semonovich 1934 _THOUGHT AND LANGUAGE_. 1962 Ed. & Tr. Eugenia Hanfmann & Gertrude Vakar. Cam- bridge, MA: MIT Press. :Wallace Wallace, Alfred Russell 1855 ON THE LAW WHICH HAS REGULATED THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIES. _Annals and Magazine of Natural History_ 16:184- 196. 1858 ON THE TENDENCY OF VARIETIES TO DEPART INDEFINITELY FROM THE ORIGINAL TYPE. _J of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society, Zoology_ 3:53-62. 1864 THE ORIGIN OF HUMAN RACES AND THE ANTIQUITY OF MAN DEDUCED FROM THE THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION. _J of the Anthropo- logical Society of London_ 2157-187. 1870 _CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE THEORY OF NATURAL SELECTION_. New York: Macmillan. 1905 _MAN'S PLACE IN THE UNIVERSE_. New York: McClure Phil- lips. :Wall Wallerstein, Immanuel 1974 _THE MODERN WORLD SYSTEM_. Vol 1, _CAPITALIST AGRICULTURE AND THE ORIGINS OF THE EUROPEAN WORLD-ECONOMY IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY_. New York: Academic Press. "It is the social achievement of the modern world ... to have invented the technology that makes it possible to increase the flow of the surplus from the lower strata to the upper strata, from the periphery to the center, from the majority to the minority by eliminating the 'waste' of too cumbersome a political structure." (pp. 15-16) 1980 _THE MODERN WORLD SYSTEM_. Vol 2, _Mercantilism and the Consolidation of the European World-economy, 1600-1750_. Cambridge University Press. :TIMA White, Lynn Townsend, Jr. [1907-1987] 1940 TECHNOLOGY AND INVENTION IN THE MIDDLE AGES. _Speculum_ 15:141-159. "Broadly speaking, technology is the way people do things." (MRTe 1) :MRTe White, Lynn T[ownsend], Jr. [1907-1987] 1978 _MEDIEVAL RELIGION AND TECHNOLOGY: Collected Essays_. Berkeley-Los Angeles: University of California Press. As a Stanford freshman in the spring of 1925, White decid- ed to become a medieval historian. On reading Kroeber's book called "Anthropology" in 1933, he turned to technolo- gy. He enjoyed great success, eventually holding the title of University Professor of History at UCLA. :Wiora Wiora, Walter 1965 _THE FOUR AGES OF MUSIC_. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. :Wobst Wobst, H. Martin / University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 1981 1974 BOUNDARY CONDITIONS FOR PALEOLITHIC SOCIAL SYSTEMS: A Simulation Approach. _American Anthropologist_ 39:147- 177. :Znaniecki Znaniecki _THE POLISH PEASANT_. :Zuboff Zuboff, Shoshona [1951- ] / Harvard University / Business School 1988 _IN THE AGE OF THE SMART MACHINE: THE FUTURE OF WORK AND POWER_. Basic Books. Workers feel a loss of 'sentience', "a dissociation of sentience [manual] and knowledge." White-collar workers miss the feel of the files. Computer "both accomplishes tasks and translates them into information." 'Textua- lizes' production. Management loses superiority of knowledge when workers understant the production process; responds by making hierarchy more rigid, blocking access. False that manag- ers want technology only for "controlling, limiting, and ... weakening" labor. :E&Pr _ENERGY AND POWER_ 1971 Reprints a special issue of _Scientific American_. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman and Company. = E&Pr
[Mind-Culture Coevolution Home] [Tech Evol Contents] [1 History] [2 Ranks] [3 Energetics] [4 Informatics] [5 Politics] [6 Investment] [7 Appropriate] [8 Best They Could] [Bibliography] [Figures] [Notes] |